Ukraine News: Kyiv Poised for Major Offensive Against Russian Forces

Ukraine is pressing ahead with its plan to resume grain exports across the Black Sea despite a Russian missile attack on the port of Odesa that raised doubts about the viability of an international agreement aimed at easing a global food shortage.

Millions of tons of grain in Ukraine’s ports have been held hostage by the war, but a deal struck on Friday in Istanbul that involved Turkey and the United Nations appeared to offer hope, especially for the countries in Africa and the Middle East most reliant on the country’s exports.

The missile strike on Saturday, which damaged infrastructure at the port, called into question the viability of the plan to free some 20 million tons of grain trapped at ports on the Black Sea. But President Volodymyr Zelensky and other officials insisted on Monday that Ukraine would move forward with shipments, while denouncing Russia’s strike on Odesa.

“Ukraine, for its part, will do everything necessary to ensure the export of agricultural products from its Black Sea ports, and the issue of the safety of ships of various countries depends on the United Nations and Turkey, which negotiated with the Russian Federation in this regard,” Zelensky said in a news conference on Monday.

Russia said the strike was aimed at a military installation at the port, not facilities for grain shipments.

Under the agreement, Ukrainian captains would be protected as they sail their ships out of the port — which was seeded with mines to impede an assault on the city — and into the Black Sea, where the Russian Navy is dominant.

A spokesman for the regional military administration in Odesa, Serhii Bratchuk, said at a news conference that the port was “working on putting together some vessel caravans. These vessel caravans will be in charge of delivering on the commitments assumed within the agreements reached.”

Security remained paramount and the port would not be fully unblocked, he said. “We are talking only about a corridor that will be functioning and will be utilized to export Ukrainian grain,” Mr. Bratchuk said.

The agreement to open the port to grain exports took months of negotiation and at times appeared doomed. Under the deal, a joint command center with officials from Ukraine, Russia, Turkey and the United Nations will be set up in Istanbul to monitor the movements of the grain flotillas. The ships will head into Turkish waters to be inspected by officials.

Turkey’s president, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, acknowledged the Russian violence and pressed all sides to follow through on their commitments. “We can see how sensitive the process is still from the attack on Odessa Port on Saturday,” he said in a broadcast on Turkish television on Monday.

A spokesman for the United Nations said the U.N. would have a presence in the command center by Tuesday.

“We expect the first ships may move within a few days,” said the spokesman, Farhan Haqall.

Hunger in parts of the world far from the conflict is just one of the far-reaching consequences of the decision by President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia to invade Ukraine five months ago. The war has also strengthened NATO, given the European Union a new focus, sent energy prices soaring, slowed global growth, redrawn alliances and left Moscow weakened and isolated by sanctions.

On Sunday, Moscow sent its foreign minister, Sergey V. Lavrov, on a four-day trip to Africa to make the case that the West, and not Russia, is to blame for grain shortages. He said poorer countries were being victimized by wealthier ones.

“We know that the African colleagues do not approve of the undisguised attempts of the U.S. and their European satellites to gain the upper hand, and to impose a unipolar world order to the international community,” Mr. Lavrov wrote in an article published in newspapers in the four countries he was visiting: Egypt, Ethiopia, Uganda and the Republic of Congo.

Some governments in Africa and the Middle East are wary of alienating either side in the conflict, both because of a desire to maintain access to Russian grain and other exports and because of a policy of preserving friendly ties with Moscow that often dates back to the Soviet era.

A growing Ukrainian counteroffensive aimed at retaking territory in another coastal province, Kherson, risks further complicating the grain export plan. In a sign of the intensification of fighting in the south, Ukraine ordered the evacuation of residents from Shevchenkove, a village they control near the frontline in Mykolaiv Province, the Mykolaiv city council said on Monday. The residents were ordered to go to Odesa.

Ukraine’s military said on Monday that its aircraft had attacked five Russian targets in Kherson Province in the last 24 hours.