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The civil aviation sector has started to grow again: annual travel demand is growing by 5% globally and environmental impact management is always a problem. The International Civil Aviation Organization (Icao) in 2019 indicated emission reduction targetsincluding greenhouse gas emissions, of at least 50% by 2050 compared to 2005 levels. To tackle this double problem, the answer is to design planes that are profoundly different from the current ones, that is, the ability to want more, carry more people, and pollute much less. Transonic Truss-Braced Wing and Flying V promise significant improvements efficiency compared to conventional configurations. Electric propulsion, in various architectures, is becoming a viable option for general aviation and the nascent commuter aircraft industry. But there are also buffer solutions, such as low-impact fuels, which serve to reduce emissions and make hybrid engines sustainable. Finally, there is room to create zero-emission flights and other special projects, but this in the long and very long term.
Researchers from all over the planet to reach the goals of radical reduction of emissions they are reinventing the ways in which planes and engines are designed. Independently, large industrial groups and small innovators work with completely different approaches from the past: terms like “Multidisciplinary design optimization“(Mdo), capable of incorporating integrated models and simulations in a single environment to arrive at balanced solutions, and how”Simultaneous design“, which places domain experts in a single site to facilitate collaboration, interaction and joint decision-making by giving all scientific disciplines the same space, are the basis for arriving at the desired results in a short time. They are based approaches on the “Collaborative Design Facility“(Cdf), that is, on hardware and software tools connected together for the analysis and development of projects on a scale never attempted before. The stakes are the planes of the future.
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