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They are many, fierce, but they do not grow. Nor do they die. The opportunity to take stock of the state of health of the 14,621 Italian startups (source: Ministry of Economic Development – Mise July 2022) was the birthday of the first Italian law of the sectorwanted in 2012 by Corrado Passera, at the time Minister of Economic Development of the Monti government. H-Farm, the historic Treviso incubator, gathered around a table all the main actors of a season that is in some ways heroic, the one that gave birth to the Italian ecosystem. On stage or in the audience, many of the fathers of the provision: Passera himself, Stefano Firpo (head of the technical secretariat of the same department), Alessandro Fusacchia (member of the task force set up to write the provision). And then, of course, the entrepreneurs who were taking their first steps in those years: Simon Beckerman, founder of Depop (recently sold for 1,625 billion dollars to the fashion giant Etsy) and Alberto Dalmasso of Satispay (three million users, investments from Tencent and Square). Names now known even to the general public.
Grow or die
In 2018, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) published a first report to assess the effects of the package that established ad hoc and facilitated rules for constitution, capital raising and maturity. Companies registered as innovative startups, the data said, they are more than twice as likely to receive venture capital funding within their first three years of life. Starting from that, many have made it, some have broken through.
“But to evaluate the success of a company in Italy it still takes too long: only a small part has exceeded one million in turnover, very few have closed their doors – notes Mattia Corbetta, policy analist of the Trento center for local development of the OECD -. The Italian ecosystem is too slow in market validation mechanisms“. Translated: you don’t die, but neither do you grow up. And, like it or not, the rules of the game, in the ocean where the sharks of innovation dine, are not these.
The problems of an ecosystem
The startup model has been refined over the years to immediately show who can swim and who can’t, selecting projects with high growth potential. A mode that has proven to adapt well to the digital sector, where the real asset is knowledge and the barriers to entry are low. Another fundamental point: there is no need to transfer finished goods or machinery. If anything, it is the people who move. Here is the problem of attractiveness, often mentioned; here is the theme of the “brain drain”.
It is not just fashion. Thus were born Google, Facebook and many of the companies that have shaped the world in the new Millennium. If the industrial policy of a state cannot be based on startups, it is important to remember that technological progress leads to an increase in labor productivity for the same number of staff, therefore, a growth in GDP, consequently less debt, in a chain reaction able to alleviate some fundamental macroeconomic problems. And in generating it, the startups have shown excellent results, replacing the logic of incremental innovation with that of disruption.
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