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Not up for months Instagram And TikTok that’s all we talk about: liraglutide And semaglutidenew weight loss drugs with which stars and ordinary people lose tens of kilos in a few months. It’s about antidiabeticsmedicines developed to combathyperglycemia which have revealed, unexpectedly, a welcome bonus: they make you lose weight effortlessly, and quickly. After all, we are always looking for the miracle pill. It’s despite disappointments being almost a constant, that’s not why we stop hoping. Not all that glitters is gold, of course. Because contrary to what joyful videos and carefree tiktok challenges seem to think, we are talking about drugs in all respects, with their long list of side effects, which should not be taken lightly or left to do-it-yourself. And that they can easily disappoint those who decide to use them without a real medical need. In fact, they also seem to have a dark side: among those who have tried them there are those who claim that their effect is, neither more nor less, that of provoking nausea and a feeling of disgust for the food.
What drugs?
The drugs in question have different trade names, also linked to the different therapeutic indications (antidiabetics or anti-obesity). Regardless of branding, it’s all about Glp-1 hormone analogsa substance normally produced by our body which has various effects, the main of which are to promote the production of insulin after meals, and inhibit that of glutadioneone of his antagonists. In a diabetic patient they are therefore very effective to counteract hyperglycemia caused by resistance to the action of insulin, because they increase its availability within the body.
However, they also have other effects, equally beneficial in a person suffering from type 2 diabetes. They are in fact able to slow down the emptying gastricthus increasing the sense of satiety when eating. And reduce appetiteby acting directly on the central nervous system. For people who have developed diabetes, usually older and with excessive body weight, it is a benefits additional, given that weight loss is one of the first weapons with which you can slow down the progression of the disease, and avoid the need to resort to insulin injections.
The slimming effectiveness, however, was considered so high that the attention has also shifted to the possible use as anti-obesity drugs tout court. For the first of the two drugs to enter the market, the liraglutide, we are talking about an average loss which fluctuates between 5 and 7 kilos of weightwhen used by obese patients in combination with physical activity and a healthy diet. For semaglutide, the most optimistic estimates arrive at an average loss of 15% of body weight over about a year of use. Even better would seem to do the tyrezepatidea drug recently approved for diabetes in America, and still pending approval in Europe, which tested on obese patients (non-diabetics) has demonstrated an average mean weight loss that exceeds 20% at the highest dose tested, and effective in losing at least 5% of body mass in 95% of people who tested the drug.
From drug to panacea
Clearly, these are medicines that can have their use in the fight against obesity, one of the great silent epidemics of our age. They are not miraculous pills (or rather, in most cases, injections), seen on average they help to lose 10, 15 kilos, people weighing a hundred, and only if you pay attention to reduce sedentary lifestyle And improve nutrition. But in the very obese, people with other important risk factors, and perhaps older, the cost-benefit profile is probably favourable. And in fact their approval as anti-obesity drugs is subject to a BMI greater than 30 (that is an obesity clinic) or to a overweight (Bmi greater than 27) associated with risk factors such as hypertension And cholesterol tallwhich make weight loss important to prevent serious diseases.
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