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Up here Wired Italy we have told many times about the studies, experiments, scientific results. Now the time has come to celebrate it: on 23 November, in fact, the celebrations for the centenary of the foundation of the National Research Councilopened by greetings from Anna Maria BerniniMinister of University and Research, and of Maria Chiara Carrozza, president of the institution. The theme of the event – which is only the first in a series of events that will take place over the next twelve months and will culminate on 18 November 2023, the effective date of the institution’s 100th birthday – is “Science and Art: dialogue between words and music ”. To enrich the evening the pieces performed byNational Symphony Orchestra of the Italian Conservatories and connections with the bases of polar researchrespectively in Arctic and in Antarcticaand with the research vessel Gaia Blue.
One hundred years of research
The National Research Council is the largest public structure with scientific tasks in our country. Its foundations date back to 1919, when a commission was established with the task of preparing a project for the establishment of an Italian body responsible for coordinating scientific research; the institution itself is rather dated November 18, 1923when created as “moral institution” by a special Royal Decree. The initial objective is to have a representation of Italian research within the International Research Council. The following year a new statute attributes to the institution “the purpose of coordinating and stimulating national activity in the different sectors of scientific research and its applications”And “to act as an adviser to the state apparatus on scientific and technological matters”. The first president of the institute is the physicist Vito Volterraand the first seat is in the building already occupied by theAcademy of the Lincei. From 1927 to 1933, then, various organizational decrees officially frame the position of the Cnr as an entity placed under the direct dependence of the government with “tasks of linking and coordinating production and industrial activities with scientific research”.
During the twenty years of fascism, however, the Cnr did not fully respond to the tasks entrusted to it by the regime, above all due to the disproportion between the functions, the activities and the financial resources available and the uncertainty of the guidelines provided by the government; it is only after the fall of fascism that the newly formed Republic reorganizes the institution, giving it the task of promoting, coordinating and regulating Italian scientific research, as well as providing consultancy for all that pertains to the technical-scientific activity of the State. In 1975, then, the Cnr becomes subject to a new legal and administrative framework, and eighteen projects are launched divided into five major disciplinary areas on issues considered priorities in the then framework of national economic planning: health, environment, power, Power supply, new technologies. Areas which, more or less, are still today those in which the National Research Council is most active.
Another important stage is 1998, when within the national research reform a reform of the Cnr is also launched, which reorganizes its scientific network. Thus we arrive at the present day, with the presentation, this year, of reorganization and relaunch plan of the National Research Council.
What does the Cnr
But who is it made up of, and what exactly does the Cnr do today? The institute is currently the first Italian research institution by number of researchers: it has about 8,500 employees, of which 53.5% are men and 46.5% are women, almost all directly involved in research or support activities to search. In particular, 63% of CNR employees are researchers, divided into 88 research institutes, 220 offices and laboratories in the area, 3 interdepartmental centres, 3 permanent research bases at the poles and 7 departments: Earth system sciences and environmental technologies, Engineering – Ict and technology for energy and transport, Humanities and social sciences – cultural heritage, Chemical sciences and materials technologies, Physical sciences and technologies of matter, Bio-agro-food sciences And Biomedical science. As can be seen, the interests of the Cnr are manifold, and range from the health of human beings and the planet to the environment and energy, via food and sustainable agriculture, transport and production systems, new materials, sensors and aerospace.
With a total budget of approx 900 million eurosof which 40% deriving from external revenues, the Cnr has currently produced approx 350 patent families and given birth 49 businesses And spin off and more than 5 thousand international research collaborations. Curiosity: the Cnr holds the primacy of the first domain name registered in Italy, cnuce.cnr.it, established in Pisa in 1987; since then, the institution has continued to manage the registration of .it domains through the registry of Italian domain names.
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